Cikakkun bayanai na yanayi 13 rabe-rabe a cikin manyan fannonin aikace-aikace 3 na ajiyar makamashi

Daga hangen nesa na tsarin wutar lantarki duka, yanayin aikace-aikacen na ajiyar makamashi za a iya raba shi zuwa yanayi uku: ajiyar makamashi a bangaren tsara, ajiyar makamashi a bangaren watsawa da rarrabawa, da kuma ajiyar makamashi a bangaren mai amfani.A aikace-aikace masu amfani, ya zama dole don nazarin fasahar ajiyar makamashi bisa ga buƙatu a cikin yanayi daban-daban don nemo mafi dacewa fasahar ajiyar makamashi.Wannan takarda ta mayar da hankali kan nazarin manyan yanayin aikace-aikace guda uku na ajiyar makamashi.

Daga hangen nesa na tsarin wutar lantarki duka, yanayin aikace-aikacen na ajiyar makamashi za a iya raba shi zuwa yanayi uku: ajiyar makamashi a bangaren tsara, ajiyar makamashi a bangaren watsawa da rarrabawa, da kuma ajiyar makamashi a bangaren mai amfani.Ana iya raba waɗannan yanayi guda uku zuwa buƙatun makamashi da buƙatun wutar lantarki daga mahangar grid ɗin wutar lantarki.Bukatun nau'in makamashi gabaɗaya yana buƙatar dogon lokacin fitarwa (kamar canjin lokacin kuzari), amma baya buƙatar babban lokacin amsawa.Sabanin haka, buƙatun nau'in wutar gabaɗaya suna buƙatar ƙarfin amsawa cikin sauri, amma gabaɗaya lokacin fitarwa baya daɗe (kamar daidaitawar mitar tsarin).A aikace-aikace masu amfani, ya zama dole don nazarin fasahar ajiyar makamashi bisa ga buƙatu a cikin yanayi daban-daban don nemo mafi dacewa fasahar ajiyar makamashi.Wannan takarda ta mayar da hankali kan nazarin manyan yanayin aikace-aikace guda uku na ajiyar makamashi.

1. bangaren samar da wutar lantarki
Daga bangaren samar da wutar lantarki, tashar da ake bukata don ajiyar makamashi ita ce tashar wutar lantarki.Sakamakon tasiri daban-daban na hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki daban-daban a kan grid, da kuma rashin daidaituwa mai ƙarfi tsakanin samar da wutar lantarki da amfani da wutar lantarki da ke haifar da ɓangaren nauyin da ba a iya faɗi ba, akwai nau'ikan yanayin buƙatu da yawa don ajiyar makamashi a bangaren samar da wutar lantarki, gami da canjin lokacin kuzari. , Raka'a iya aiki, lodi masu biyo baya, Nau'ikan yanayi guda shida, gami da ka'idojin mitar tsarin, iyawar ajiya, da makamashi mai sabuntawa mai haɗin grid.
makamashi lokaci motsi

Canjin lokaci na makamashi shine gane kololuwar aski da kwari-cike nauyin wutar lantarki ta hanyar ajiyar makamashi, wato, tashar wutar lantarki tana cajin baturi a lokacin ƙarancin wutar lantarki, kuma tana fitar da ƙarfin da aka adana a lokacin mafi girman lokacin ɗaukar wutar lantarki.Bugu da ƙari, adana iskar da aka watsar da wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic na makamashi mai sabuntawa sannan kuma motsa shi zuwa wasu lokuta don haɗin grid kuma yana canza lokacin makamashi.Canjin lokacin kuzari shine aikace-aikacen tushen makamashi na yau da kullun.Ba shi da ƙayyadaddun buƙatu a lokacin caji da fitarwa, kuma buƙatun wutar lantarki don caji da fitarwa suna da faɗi kaɗan.Koyaya, aikace-aikacen iya canzawa lokaci yana haifar da nauyin wutar lantarki na mai amfani da halayen haɓakar makamashi mai sabuntawa.Mitar tana da girma, fiye da sau 300 a kowace shekara.
iya aiki naúrar

Saboda bambancin nauyin wutar lantarki a lokuta daban-daban, na'urorin wutar lantarki na kwal suna buƙatar aiwatar da damar iya yin askewa kololuwa, don haka wani adadin ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki yana buƙatar a ware shi azaman ƙarfin da ya dace da kololuwar lodi, wanda ke hana wutar lantarki. raka'a daga isa ga cikakken iko kuma yana shafar tattalin arzikin naúrar aiki.jima'i.Ana iya amfani da ajiyar makamashi don yin caji lokacin da nauyin wutar lantarki ya yi ƙasa, da kuma fitarwa lokacin da amfani da wutar lantarki ya yi girma don rage nauyin kaya.Yi amfani da tasirin maye gurbin tsarin ajiyar makamashi don sakin sashin ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ta haka inganta ƙimar amfani da na'urar wutar lantarki da haɓaka tattalin arzikinta.Naúrar iya aiki shine ainihin aikace-aikacen tushen kuzari.Ba shi da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu akan lokacin caji da caji, kuma yana da fa'idan buƙatu akan caji da wutar lantarki.Koyaya, saboda nauyin wutar lantarki na mai amfani da halayen samar da wutar lantarki na makamashin da ake sabuntawa, mitar aikace-aikacen ƙarfin yana canza lokaci.Ingantacciyar girma, kusan sau 200 a shekara.

lodin bin

Load tracking sabis ne na taimako wanda ke daidaitawa sosai don cimma ma'auni na ainihin lokacin don jinkirin canzawa, ci gaba da canza lodi.Canje-canje a hankali da ci gaba da canza lodi za a iya raba su zuwa manyan kaya da ɗorawa bisa ga ainihin yanayin aikin janareta.Ana amfani da bin diddigin loda galibi don ɗaukar nauyi, wato, ta hanyar daidaita abubuwan da ake fitarwa, za a iya rage yawan ragi na rukunin makamashi na gargajiya gwargwadon yiwuwa., ƙyale shi don canzawa cikin sauƙi kamar yadda zai yiwu zuwa matakin tsara jadawalin.Idan aka kwatanta da naúrar iya aiki, nauyin da ke biye yana da buƙatu mafi girma akan lokacin amsawa, kuma ana buƙatar lokacin amsawa ya kasance a matakin minti.

Tsarin FM

Canje-canje na mitoci za su shafi aiki mai aminci da inganci da rayuwar samar da wutar lantarki da kayan lantarki, don haka ƙa'idar mita yana da mahimmanci.A cikin tsarin makamashi na gargajiya, rashin daidaituwar makamashi na ɗan gajeren lokaci na grid ɗin wutar lantarki ana daidaita shi ta raka'a na gargajiya (mafi yawan wutar lantarki da wutar lantarki a ƙasata) ta hanyar amsa alamun AGC.Tare da haɗa sabon makamashi a cikin grid, sauye-sauye da bazuwar iska da iska sun kara dagula rashin daidaituwar makamashi a cikin grid na wutar lantarki a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.Saboda jinkirin saurin daidaitawa na hanyoyin samar da makamashi na gargajiya (musamman ikon thermal), suna ja baya wajen amsa umarnin aika grid.Wani lokaci rashin aiki kamar gyara baya zai iya faruwa, don haka ba za a iya biyan sabuwar buƙatar da aka ƙara ba.A kwatancen, ajiyar makamashi (musamman ma'ajiyar makamashin lantarki) yana da saurin daidaita saurin mitar, kuma baturi na iya canzawa a hankali tsakanin caji da jihohin fitarwa, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan hanyar sarrafa mitoci.
Idan aka kwatanta tare da bin diddigin kaya, canjin lokacin canjin nau'in nau'in nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan tsarin yana kan matakin mintuna da sakan, wanda ke buƙatar saurin amsawa mai girma (yawanci a matakin sakan), kuma hanyar daidaitawa na ɓangaren kaya gabaɗaya. AGC.Koyaya, tsarin mitar tsarin aiki ne na yau da kullun, wanda ke buƙatar caji da sauri cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.Lokacin amfani da ajiyar makamashi na lantarki, ana buƙatar babban adadin caji, don haka zai rage rayuwar wasu nau'ikan batura, ta yadda zai shafi wasu nau'ikan batura.tattalin arziki.

iya aiki

Ƙarfin ajiyar ajiya yana nufin ajiyar wutar lantarki mai aiki da aka tanada don tabbatar da ingancin wutar lantarki da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin idan akwai gaggawa, baya ga biyan buƙatun lodin da ake sa ran.Gabaɗaya, ƙarfin ajiyar yana buƙatar zama 15-20% na ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki na yau da kullun na tsarin, kuma mafi ƙarancin ƙimar yakamata ya zama daidai da ƙarfin naúrar tare da mafi girman ƙarfin shigar guda ɗaya a cikin tsarin.Tunda ƙarfin ajiyar yana nufin abubuwan gaggawa, mitar aiki na shekara gabaɗaya yana da ƙasa.Idan an yi amfani da baturi don sabis na iya aiki kadai, ba za a iya garantin tattalin arziki ba.Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a kwatanta shi tare da farashin ƙarfin ajiyar da ake ciki don ƙayyade ainihin farashi.maye gurbin tasiri.

Haɗin grid na makamashi mai sabuntawa

Saboda bazuwar da halaye na tsaka-tsaki na wutar lantarki da kuma samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, ingancin wutar lantarki ya fi muni fiye da na al'ada na makamashi na gargajiya.Tun da jujjuyawar samar da wutar lantarki mai sabuntawa (sau da yawa, jujjuyawar fitarwa, da sauransu) kewayo daga daƙiƙa zuwa sa'o'i, aikace-aikacen nau'in Power da ke akwai suma suna da aikace-aikacen nau'in makamashi, waɗanda gabaɗaya za a iya raba su zuwa nau'ikan uku: lokacin kuzarin sabuntawa. -sauya, sabunta ƙarfin samar da makamashi ƙarfi, da sabunta makamashi fitarwa smoothing.Alal misali, don magance matsalar watsi da haske a cikin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic, ya zama dole a adana sauran wutar lantarki da aka samar a cikin rana don fitarwa da dare, wanda ke cikin canjin lokaci na makamashi na makamashi mai sabuntawa.Domin iskar wutar lantarki, saboda rashin hasashen wutar lantarki, yawan wutar lantarkin da ake fitarwa na iskar yana jujjuyawa sosai, kuma yana bukatar a daidaita shi, don haka ana amfani da shi ne a aikace-aikace irin na wutar lantarki.

2. Gefen Grid
Aikace-aikacen ajiyar makamashi a gefen grid galibi iri uku ne: Sauƙaƙe watsawa da cunkoson juriya na rarrabawa, jinkirta faɗaɗa watsa wutar lantarki da kayan aikin rarrabawa, da tallafawa ƙarfin amsawa.shine tasirin maye gurbin.
Rage watsawa da rarraba juriya cunkoso

Cunkoson layi yana nufin cewa nauyin layin ya wuce ƙarfin layin.An shigar da tsarin ajiyar makamashi a saman layin.Lokacin da aka toshe layin, wutar lantarki da ba za a iya isar da ita ba za a iya adana shi a cikin na'urar ajiyar makamashi.Fitar layi.Gabaɗaya, don tsarin ajiyar makamashi, ana buƙatar lokacin fitarwa don kasancewa akan matakin sa'a, kuma adadin ayyukan yana kusan sau 50 zuwa 100.Yana cikin aikace-aikacen tushen makamashi kuma yana da wasu buƙatu don lokacin amsawa, waɗanda ke buƙatar amsawa a matakin minti.

Jinkirta fadada watsa wutar lantarki da kayan aikin rarrabawa

Farashin tsarin tsarin grid na gargajiya ko haɓaka grid da faɗaɗa yana da yawa sosai.A cikin tsarin watsa wutar lantarki da rarrabawa inda nauyin ke kusa da ƙarfin kayan aiki, idan za a iya gamsar da kayan aiki mafi yawan lokaci a cikin shekara guda, kuma ƙarfin yana da ƙasa fiye da nauyin kawai a wasu lokuta mafi girma, tsarin ajiyar makamashi. za a iya amfani da su wuce ƙarami shigar iya aiki.Ƙarfin zai iya inganta ingantaccen watsa wutar lantarki da ƙarfin rarraba wutar lantarki, ta haka ne jinkirta farashin sabon watsa wutar lantarki da wuraren rarrabawa da kuma tsawaita rayuwar sabis na kayan aiki.Idan aka kwatanta da kawar da watsawa da kuma rarraba juriya na juriya, jinkirta fadada watsa wutar lantarki da kayan aikin rarraba yana da ƙananan mita na aiki.Yin la'akari da tsufa na baturi, ainihin farashin canji ya fi girma, don haka ana gabatar da buƙatu masu girma don tattalin arzikin batura.

Taimako mai amsawa

Taimakon ƙarfin amsawa yana nufin ƙa'idar ƙarfin watsawa ta hanyar allura ko ɗaukar ƙarfin amsawa akan layin watsawa da rarrabawa.Rashin isashen wutar lantarki ko wuce gona da iri zai haifar da jujjuyawar wutar lantarki, yana shafar ingancin wutar lantarki, har ma da lalata kayan lantarki.Tare da taimakon inverters masu ƙarfi, sadarwa da kayan sarrafawa, baturi zai iya daidaita ƙarfin lantarki na watsawa da layin rarraba ta hanyar daidaita ƙarfin amsawa na fitarwa.Taimakon wutar lantarki aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki ne na yau da kullun tare da ɗan gajeren lokacin fitarwa amma babban yawan aiki.

3. Gefen mai amfani
Bangaren mai amfani shine ƙarshen amfani da wutar lantarki, kuma mai amfani shine mabukaci kuma mai amfani da wutar lantarki.Ana bayyana farashi da kudin shiga na samar da wutar lantarki da bangaren watsawa da rarrabawa ta hanyar farashin wutar lantarki, wanda aka canza zuwa farashin mai amfani.Don haka, matakin farashin wutar lantarki zai shafi buƙatun mai amfani..
Gudanar da farashin wutar lantarki na lokaci mai amfani

Bangaren wutar lantarki yana raba sa'o'i 24 a rana zuwa lokuta masu yawa kamar su kololuwa, lebur, da ƙasa, kuma suna saita matakan farashin wutar lantarki daban-daban na kowane lokaci, wanda shine lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki.Gudanar da farashin wutar lantarki na lokaci-lokaci mai amfani yana kama da canjin lokaci na makamashi, kawai bambanci shi ne cewa mai amfani da lokacin amfani da farashin wutar lantarki ya dogara ne akan tsarin farashin wutar lantarki na lokacin amfani don daidaita nauyin wutar lantarki, yayin da makamashi. Canjin lokaci shine daidaita tsarin samar da wutar lantarki bisa ga ma'aunin nauyin wutar lantarki.

Gudanar da Cajin Ƙarfi

Kasata tana aiwatar da tsarin farashin wutar lantarki mai kashi biyu na manyan masana'antu a bangaren samar da wutar lantarki: farashin wutar lantarki yana nufin farashin wutar lantarki da ake caji bisa ga ainihin ma'amalar wutar lantarki, kuma karfin wutar lantarki ya dogara ne akan mafi girman darajar mai amfani. amfani da wutar lantarki.Gudanar da farashi na iya aiki yana nufin rage ƙimar iya aiki ta hanyar rage matsakaicin yawan amfani da wutar lantarki ba tare da shafar samarwa na yau da kullun ba.Masu amfani za su iya amfani da tsarin ajiyar makamashi don adana makamashi a lokacin ƙarancin amfani da wutar lantarki da kuma sauke kaya a lokacin lokacin kololuwar, ta haka ne za a rage nauyin gabaɗaya da cimma manufar rage farashin iya aiki.

Inganta ingancin wutar lantarki

Saboda yanayin canjin yanayin aiki na tsarin wutar lantarki da rashin daidaituwa na nauyin kayan aiki, ƙarfin da mai amfani ya samu yana da matsaloli kamar ƙarfin lantarki da canje-canje na yanzu ko ƙetare mita.A wannan lokacin, ingancin wutar lantarki ba shi da kyau.Tsarin mitar tsarin da goyon bayan wutar lantarki hanyoyi ne don inganta ingancin wutar lantarki a gefen samar da wutar lantarki da watsawa da rarrabawa.A gefen mai amfani, tsarin ajiyar makamashi kuma yana iya daidaita wutar lantarki da sauyin mita, kamar yin amfani da ajiyar makamashi don magance matsaloli irin su hawan wutar lantarki, tsomawa, da flicker a cikin tsarin photovoltaic da aka rarraba.Inganta ingancin wutar lantarki shine aikace-aikacen wutar lantarki na yau da kullun.Takamaiman kasuwar fitarwa da mitar aiki sun bambanta bisa ga ainihin yanayin aikace-aikacen, amma gabaɗaya ana buƙatar lokacin amsawa ya kasance a matakin millisecond.

Inganta amincin samar da wutar lantarki

Ana amfani da ajiyar makamashi don inganta amincin samar da wutar lantarki na micro-grid, wanda ke nufin cewa lokacin da gazawar wutar lantarki ta faru, ajiyar makamashi na iya samar da makamashin da aka adana ga masu amfani da ƙarshen, da guje wa katsewar wutar lantarki yayin aikin gyara kuskure, da kuma tabbatar da amincin wutar lantarki. .Kayan aikin ajiyar makamashi a cikin wannan aikace-aikacen dole ne ya dace da buƙatun inganci da inganci mai ƙarfi, kuma takamaiman lokacin fitarwa yana da alaƙa da wurin shigarwa.